Tuesday, December 4, 2012
Thursday, September 6, 2012
TROPICAL FISH PHARMACEUTICALS
ACRIFLAVINE NEUTRAL
USES: Acriflavine neutral is used to treat various bacterial infections such as salt water ICH, fin and tail rot, some parasites, VELVET oodinium and other types of fungus such as mouth fungus.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
CHLOROQUINE PHOSPHATE
USES: Fenbendazole is used as a worming agent in tropical fish. It is extremely effective in both fresh and salt water environments. It has replaced levamisole (Discomed) since the fish do not build a resistance to it. Fenbendazole can be dosed either as a tank treatment or in the fish food itself. It works so quickly that you will usually see worms protruding from infected fish within an hour!
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
KANAMYCIN SULFATE
USES: Mainly used in salt water situations to fight gram negative bacteria and most forms of tuberculosis. It is the most effective agent available to fight gram negative bacteria.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
MALACHITE GREEN
USES: Use to fight fungus such as velvet, ICH and mouth disease. DO NOT USE ON EGGS.....
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
METHYLENE BLUE
USES: Use to kill fungus on eggs, other fungi and some strains of bacteria. Effective in curing "slimness of the skin" disease.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
METRONIDAZOLE
USES: Very effective in the fight against protozoan, hole in the head disease, internal hexamita (Malawi bloat), freshwater ICH and pond epistyles.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
NEOMYCIN SULFATE
USES: Neomycin Sulfate is used to kill gram negative bacteria in both fresh water and salt water environments. It is also used to fight tuberculosis. This is a second generation antibiotic and is very effective and safe for long time dosing.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
NITROFURAZONE
USES: Nitrofurazone is excellent in the the fight against marine ulcer disease and all types of protozoans. It is useful in koi for the treatment of furunculosis. It is one of the safest antibiotics on the market. It can be used for extended periods without issues.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
OXOLINIC ACID
USES: Oxolinic acid is a very strong gram negative antibiotic. It is very effective against "hole in the side" which is very common amongst koi fish. It can be mixed in feed or used as a water treatment. When everything else fails, use oxolinic acid. It is the strongest gram negative antibiotic available but it is rough on fish organs when used for long periods of time.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
OXYTETRACYCLINE DIHYDRATE 90% (TAN)
USES: Oxtetracycline Dihydrate is the same as Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride (Yellow) but it contains 2 molecules of water. It runs 90% or higher purity. It will go into solution quicker than the HCL form and is less expensive.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
OXYTETRACYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE (YELLOW)
USES: Oxytetracycline is the second broad sprectrum antibiotic to be released in the United States. It is a very popular antibiotic because it can be used to treat both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The hydrochloride is 99% or higher active. Oxytetracycline is used to kill marine ulcer disease, mouth fungus, cold water disease and bacterial hemorrhagic septicimea. It is a good all around antibiotic.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
USES: As it is an oxidizer, Potassium Permanganate is useful for water clarification and odor elimination. Potassium permanganate should ONLY be used in established cycled aquariums. It can also be used to reduce dangerous, high organix levels in freshwater ponds and aquariums, most notably "Bacterial Blooms" (Grey, cloudy tanks).
It can also be used for fish baths or for swabbing infections caused by bacterium like Columnaris.
Potassium permanganate can also be used to treat fish eye infections (cloudy eyes).
DOSING: Please contact our office for dosing guidelines specific to your particular situation.
PRAZIQUANTEL
USES: Praziquantel is the most popular of all the antiparisitic medicines. It is effective against most parasites including flukes and flatworms and can be used in both fresh and salt water environments. It is popular due to the ease in dosing and its' effectiveness in all environments.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
QUINALDINE LIQUID
USES: Used as an anesthetic in fish transportation and can be used to facilitate the collection of tropical fish from reefs.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions.
QUINALDINE SULFATE
USES: Used as an anesthetic in fish transportation and can be used to facilitate the collection of tropical fish from reefs.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions.
SULFAMERAZINE SODIUM
USES: Sulfathiazole Sodium is used to fight areomonas bacteria, psedium genera and mysobacteria. It is a gram-negative antibiotic and fish are less likely to form a tolerance to it when compared with other antibiotics. It is milder on fish organs then other antibiotics but is generally less effective.
DOSING: For proper dosing instructions specific to your needs, please contact the office.
SULFATHIAZOLE SODIUM
USES: Sulfathiazole Sodium is used to fight areomonas bacteria, psedium genera and mysobacteria. It is a gram-negative antibiotic and fish are less likely to form a tolerance to it when compared with other antibiotics. It is milder on fish organs then other antibiotics but is generally less effective.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
TETRACYCLINE HCL
USES: Tetracycline Hydrochloride was the first broad spectrum antibiotic to be released in the United States. It works the same as oxytetracycline, however it has two drawbacks. It will change the water color to a tea color when dosing and foaming is quite common. It is as effective as oxytetracycline and it takes fish longer to build up a tolerance with tetracycline than it does with oxytetracycline. See Oxytetracycline for indications.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
TMP SULFA
USES: TMP Sulfa is a newer generation sulfa drug with better solubility, wider spectrum activity and less resistance then traditional triple sulfa medications. TMP Sulfa will treat almost all of the diseases that doxycycline will treat with the exception of some gram positive bacteria and fungi. TMP Sulfa is easy on fish organs and can be used with other pharmaceuticals as well.
DOSING: Please contact the office for dosing instructions specific to your needs.
TRIMETHOPRIM
USES: Treatment for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial infections. It is usually mixed with a sulfa drug (50/50 mixture) to retard the growth of resistant strains of bacteria. It is used as an antimicrobial agent which inhibits the growth of proteins which cause bacterial infections. It is commonly used when other drugs have failed.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
TRIS ULTRA / TROMETHAMINE USP
DOSING: Please contact our office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs. We have specific charts which will help you adjust your dosing to water temperature and required pH needs!
USES: Acriflavine neutral is used to treat various bacterial infections such as salt water ICH, fin and tail rot, some parasites, VELVET oodinium and other types of fungus such as mouth fungus.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
CHLOROQUINE PHOSPHATE
USES: Chloroquine Phosphate is a replacement for both copper sulfate and quinine and it is superior to copper sulfate and all quinine salts. Chloroquine is used as a bacteriacide, an algaecide and as an antimalarial. It is superior in the fight against ICH, slimness of the skin and flukes and can be used as both a treatment and a preventative.
NOTE: CHLOROQUINE PHOSPHATE IS IN HIGH DEMAND & SHORT SUPPLY DUE TO THE OUTBREAK OF MALARIA IN EAST AFRICA. WHERE QUININE WAS USED IN HUMANS FOR MANY DECADES, THE DRUG OF CHOICE IS NOW CHLOROQUINE AS HUMANS WILL NOT FORM A TOLERANCE TO IT.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
ENROFLOXACIN
USES: Enrofloxacin, also knows as Baytril, is made by Bayer Pharmaceuticals. It is a fluoroquinolon antibiotic also knows as Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for humans. This is a thrid generation antiobiotic and is the most advanced antibiotic approved for use in tropical fish. It often begins working in 30 minutes and is a highly recommended antibiotic. Enrofloxacin has demonstrated a significant post-antibiotic effect for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and is active in both stationary and growth phases of bacterial replication.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
ERYTHROMYCIN PHOSPHATE
USES: Excellent choice to fight Pop Eye, fin and tail rot and red slime. It fights both gram negative and gram positive bacterias. A very good all around antibiotic.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
FENBENDAZOLE
Fishman Chemical is the ONLY domestic source for pure fenbendazole. Brands such as Pancur and Safe-Guard are only 22% active.ENROFLOXACIN
USES: Enrofloxacin, also knows as Baytril, is made by Bayer Pharmaceuticals. It is a fluoroquinolon antibiotic also knows as Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for humans. This is a thrid generation antiobiotic and is the most advanced antibiotic approved for use in tropical fish. It often begins working in 30 minutes and is a highly recommended antibiotic. Enrofloxacin has demonstrated a significant post-antibiotic effect for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and is active in both stationary and growth phases of bacterial replication.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
ERYTHROMYCIN PHOSPHATE
USES: Excellent choice to fight Pop Eye, fin and tail rot and red slime. It fights both gram negative and gram positive bacterias. A very good all around antibiotic.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
FENBENDAZOLE
USES: Fenbendazole is used as a worming agent in tropical fish. It is extremely effective in both fresh and salt water environments. It has replaced levamisole (Discomed) since the fish do not build a resistance to it. Fenbendazole can be dosed either as a tank treatment or in the fish food itself. It works so quickly that you will usually see worms protruding from infected fish within an hour!
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
KANAMYCIN SULFATE
USES: Mainly used in salt water situations to fight gram negative bacteria and most forms of tuberculosis. It is the most effective agent available to fight gram negative bacteria.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
MALACHITE GREEN
USES: Use to fight fungus such as velvet, ICH and mouth disease. DO NOT USE ON EGGS.....
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
METHYLENE BLUE
USES: Use to kill fungus on eggs, other fungi and some strains of bacteria. Effective in curing "slimness of the skin" disease.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
METRONIDAZOLE
USES: Very effective in the fight against protozoan, hole in the head disease, internal hexamita (Malawi bloat), freshwater ICH and pond epistyles.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
NEOMYCIN SULFATE
USES: Neomycin Sulfate is used to kill gram negative bacteria in both fresh water and salt water environments. It is also used to fight tuberculosis. This is a second generation antibiotic and is very effective and safe for long time dosing.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
NITROFURAZONE
USES: Nitrofurazone is excellent in the the fight against marine ulcer disease and all types of protozoans. It is useful in koi for the treatment of furunculosis. It is one of the safest antibiotics on the market. It can be used for extended periods without issues.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
OXOLINIC ACID
USES: Oxolinic acid is a very strong gram negative antibiotic. It is very effective against "hole in the side" which is very common amongst koi fish. It can be mixed in feed or used as a water treatment. When everything else fails, use oxolinic acid. It is the strongest gram negative antibiotic available but it is rough on fish organs when used for long periods of time.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
OXYTETRACYCLINE DIHYDRATE 90% (TAN)
USES: Oxtetracycline Dihydrate is the same as Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride (Yellow) but it contains 2 molecules of water. It runs 90% or higher purity. It will go into solution quicker than the HCL form and is less expensive.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
OXYTETRACYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE (YELLOW)
USES: Oxytetracycline is the second broad sprectrum antibiotic to be released in the United States. It is a very popular antibiotic because it can be used to treat both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The hydrochloride is 99% or higher active. Oxytetracycline is used to kill marine ulcer disease, mouth fungus, cold water disease and bacterial hemorrhagic septicimea. It is a good all around antibiotic.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
USES: As it is an oxidizer, Potassium Permanganate is useful for water clarification and odor elimination. Potassium permanganate should ONLY be used in established cycled aquariums. It can also be used to reduce dangerous, high organix levels in freshwater ponds and aquariums, most notably "Bacterial Blooms" (Grey, cloudy tanks).
It can also be used for fish baths or for swabbing infections caused by bacterium like Columnaris.
Potassium permanganate can also be used to treat fish eye infections (cloudy eyes).
DOSING: Please contact our office for dosing guidelines specific to your particular situation.
PRAZIQUANTEL
USES: Praziquantel is the most popular of all the antiparisitic medicines. It is effective against most parasites including flukes and flatworms and can be used in both fresh and salt water environments. It is popular due to the ease in dosing and its' effectiveness in all environments.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
QUINALDINE LIQUID
USES: Used as an anesthetic in fish transportation and can be used to facilitate the collection of tropical fish from reefs.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions.
QUINALDINE SULFATE
USES: Used as an anesthetic in fish transportation and can be used to facilitate the collection of tropical fish from reefs.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions.
SULFAMERAZINE SODIUM
USES: Sulfathiazole Sodium is used to fight areomonas bacteria, psedium genera and mysobacteria. It is a gram-negative antibiotic and fish are less likely to form a tolerance to it when compared with other antibiotics. It is milder on fish organs then other antibiotics but is generally less effective.
DOSING: For proper dosing instructions specific to your needs, please contact the office.
SULFATHIAZOLE SODIUM
USES: Sulfathiazole Sodium is used to fight areomonas bacteria, psedium genera and mysobacteria. It is a gram-negative antibiotic and fish are less likely to form a tolerance to it when compared with other antibiotics. It is milder on fish organs then other antibiotics but is generally less effective.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
TETRACYCLINE HCL
USES: Tetracycline Hydrochloride was the first broad spectrum antibiotic to be released in the United States. It works the same as oxytetracycline, however it has two drawbacks. It will change the water color to a tea color when dosing and foaming is quite common. It is as effective as oxytetracycline and it takes fish longer to build up a tolerance with tetracycline than it does with oxytetracycline. See Oxytetracycline for indications.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
TMP SULFA
USES: TMP Sulfa is a newer generation sulfa drug with better solubility, wider spectrum activity and less resistance then traditional triple sulfa medications. TMP Sulfa will treat almost all of the diseases that doxycycline will treat with the exception of some gram positive bacteria and fungi. TMP Sulfa is easy on fish organs and can be used with other pharmaceuticals as well.
DOSING: Please contact the office for dosing instructions specific to your needs.
TRIMETHOPRIM
USES: Treatment for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial infections. It is usually mixed with a sulfa drug (50/50 mixture) to retard the growth of resistant strains of bacteria. It is used as an antimicrobial agent which inhibits the growth of proteins which cause bacterial infections. It is commonly used when other drugs have failed.
DOSING: Please call the office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs.
TRIS ULTRA / TROMETHAMINE USP
USES: Tris is used as a Biological Buffer which means that it can control the pH in your aquaculture environment. Tris is used to help keep the pH in your environment between 7.0 and 9.0. It can also be used to assist fish mortality during transport and shipping.
DOSING: Please contact our office for proper dosing instructions specific to your needs. We have specific charts which will help you adjust your dosing to water temperature and required pH needs!
Wednesday, May 9, 2012
Netting and Handling Koi – The Right Way
If you’ve ever watched a seasoned pro net and bag a koi and thought to yourself, “Looks pretty simple, I could do that,” and if you’ve ever chased a koi around a retail tank with a net until your brow beads up with sweat and your arms are burning and sore, all the while thinking, “I can do this!” then you’re not alone. The process of catching, netting and bagging koi can be a very stressful experience, for both human and fish! But, with the right tools and a little insight you can soon become an expert in the store fish department.By handling koi the right way you will build confidence and gain credibility with your customers. Koi can become damaged if handled incorrectly. By using the right equipment you will reduce the risk of unnecessary damage to their delicate fins and slime-coat as well as eliminating the stress of being captured and moved.
Tools of the Trade1. Pan Net
2. Viewing Bowl
3. Poly Bags
4. Sock Net
5. Oxygen
6. Elastic Bands
A pan net is a very shallow net that is used to corral the koi and guide it into a viewing bowl. Use slow and deliberate movements when approaching the desired koi with your net. Quick and jerky movement will make the koi become very alarmed hence darting and fleeing. It is also a good idea to stay very quiet when netting koi as loud voices can result in the same adverse effects. Slowly move the pan net through the water with a left to right (slicing) motion; drag will be reduced and it will glide through the water easily this way.
Once you have the desired koi captured bring it to the surface but do not lift the koi out of the water. By tipping the handle upward you can reduce the chance of escape by jumping. Next, rest the rim of the pan net on the edge of a viewing bowl that is partially filled with water. With your free hand tilt the viewing bowl toward the net to allow more water to spill into the bowl by submerging one side. Gently guide the koi out of the pan net and into the viewing bowl simultaneously. The koi will gladly swim into the bowl to escape the net. At first try you may end up with the viewing bowl completely filled with water, but with practice you will become more proficient. Be sure to maintain enough water in the bowl to completely cover the koi’s dorsal fin then allow your customer to inspect the fish.
Next, add a small amount of water into a poly-bag so it is ready to accept the koi. Place the doubled poly-bag in a bucket or another koi viewing bowl for stability. It is a good idea to prepare the poly-bag before you get started with the netting process.
Now you will use a sock net to transfer the koi into the doubled poly-bag for your customer. Start by getting the sock net wet. Then put the rim of the sock net into the viewing bowl while holding onto the handle. Calmly coax the koi into the opening. After the koi swims inside the sock net grasp the open end with your free hand to close the tail of the net. Twist the handle to close the opening of the sock net so the koi cannot escape.
Now you can carefully lift the koi from the viewing bowl while protecting its delicate skin with the water inside of the sock net. Be sure to keep the sock net as straight (horizontally) as possible when lifting to avoid a spinal injury to the koi. Immerse the tail end of the sock net into the water inside of the poly-bag. Then release the koi by simply letting go of the open end of the sock net and gently lifting up on the handle. The koi will glide out of the sock net and into the poly-bag with minimal effort. Finally, add just enough water to the bag to ensure that the koi’s gills and dorsal fin are completely covered with water. Actually, the amount of oxygen used to inflate the bag is more important than an over abundance of water depth.
Next, remove the atmospheric air from inside the bag by collapsing the top of the bag to the water level. Then insert an oxygen hose into the bag and hold the bag tightly around the hose. Inflate and twist the top of the bag tightly closed. Secure the twisted end with an elastic band. The koi is now ready for transport to its new home. Remind your customer to keep the koi bag out of direct sunlight during the trip home so it does not become over heated.
Congratulations, you have just transferred a koi from holding tank to viewing bowl then into a poly-bag. Finally, you can say to yourself, “I did it!”
by Ellen Kloubec
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